Secular Perspective on The Islamic Political Discourses in Indonesia: A Critical Analysis
Keywords:
Indonesia, Islamic State Discourse, Political Islam, Secularization Theory
Abstract
This article aims to critically analyze the secularization perspective on political Islam, focusing on the Indonesian context. The secular perspective has its fundamental doctrine that democracy, separation of State and Religion, and nationalism should be the only system to manage one State. Many people always use kind of argument, even scholars, including in Indonesia, to reject the concept of the Islamic State. This article used descriptive analysis to elaborate the secularization perspective on political Islam in Indonesia and the critical analysis from the Islamic perspective. Furthermore, it also explains the impact of using such a perspective in analyzing the discourse of Political Islam. This article found that the responses of the Muslim figures or people on political Islam in Indonesia are influenced by the secularization perspective instead of using the Islamic perspective. Islamic perspective on political Islam is derived from the Islamic methodology that authoritative scholars have formulated in the past. The secular perspective on politics, as a result, contributed to the decline of the Islamic civilization and colonization from the western power.
References
Al-Mawardi. (n.d.). Al-Ahkam al-Sultaniyyah. London: Ta-Ha Publishers Ltd.
Al-Qaradawy, Y. (2015). Fiqh Daulah dalam Perspektif Islam. Selangor Darul Ehsan: Syabab Publishing.
Ali, M. M. (2007). Liberal Islam: An Analysis. American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, 24(2), 44–70.
Amsori, E. (2019). Khilafah Islamiah in International Islamic Political Perspective. Jakarta.
Appleby, R. S., Omer, A., & Little, D. (Eds.). (2013). The Oxford Handbook of Religion, Conflict and Peacebuilding (pp. 386–388). New York: Oxford University Press.
Ar-Rayis, M. D. (2002). Islam dan Khilafah di Zaman Modern. Jakarta: Lentera.
Az-Zuhaili, W. (2011). Fiqih Islam Wa Adillatuhu: Jilid 8. Darul Fikir.
Baswedan, A. R. (2004). Political Islam in Indonesia: Present and Future Trajectory. Asian Survey, 44(5), 669–690.
Bryman, A. (2012). Social Research Methods. Oxford University Press (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dardiri, A. H. (2017). Konsepsi Pembagian Kekuasaan Negara Islam Khilafah Menurut Hizbut Tahrir dan Kemungkinan Implementasinya di Indonesia. Millah, 15(2), 272–304.
Esposito, J. L., & John O. Voll. (2001). Makers of Contemporary Islam. London: Oxford University Press.
Fox, J., & Sandlers, S. (2004). Bringing Religion into International Relations. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Habieb, S. A. (2006). Persepakatan Ulama dalam Hukum Islam: Ensiklopedia Ijmak. Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus.
Hosen, N. (2018). Islam Yes Khilafah No. Yogyakarta: Suka Press.
Hurd, E. S. (2007). Political Islam and foreign policy in Europe and the United States. Foreign Policy Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-8594.2007.00054.x
Hurd, E. S. (2008). The politics of Secularization in International Relations. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Ismail, Mahyudin Ritonga, Irfan Ahmad, Slamet Fardyanto, M. I. (2020). Demystifying Khilafah Government and Democracy. Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 22(11), 233–246.
Moten, A. R. (1996). Political Science: An Islamic Perspective. London: Macmillan Press LTD.
Muhtadi, B. (2009). The quest for hizbut tahrir in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Social Science, 37(4), 623–645. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853109X460219
Muslimmedianews. (2014). Pandangan KH. Hasyim Muzadi terhadap Gerakan Khilafah. Retrieved December 15, 2015, from http://www.muslimedianews.com/2014/03/pandangan-kh-hasyim-muzadi-terhadap.html.
Ningsih, Mohammad Zainal Hamdy, W. P. (2020). Telaah Kembali Pemahaan Sistem Ketata Negaraan dalam Islam (Khilafah): Kajian Historis dan Ideologis terhadap Gerakan HTI di Indonesia. SYAIKHUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pranata Islam STAI Syichona Moh. Cholil Bangkalan, 11(2), 158–172.
NU Online. (2007). PBNU: Konsep Khilafah Islamiyah Tidak Pernah Jelas. Retrieved December 15, 2015, from http://www.nu.or.id/a,public-m,dinamic-s,detail-ids,1-id,9731-lang,id-c,warta-t,PBNU++Konsep+Khilafah+Islamiyah+Tidak+Pernah+Jelas-.phpx
Rais, D. M. D. (2001). Teori Politik Islam. Jakarta: Gema Insani Press.
Republika. (2015). NU Tolak Wacana Khilafah Islamiah di Indonesia. Retrieved December 15, 2020, from https://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/umum/15/05/25/nowfcm-nu-tolak-wacana-khilafah-islamiah-di-indonesia
Said, E. (1978). Orientalism. London: Penguin Books.
Salla, M. E. (1997). Political Islam and the West: A new cold war or convergence? Third World Quarterly, 18(4), 729–742. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436599714731
Sandal, N. A., & James, P. (2011). Religion and international relations theory: Towards a mutual understanding. European Journal of International Relations, 17(1), 3–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066110364304
Siregar, S. (2018). Khilafah Islam dalam Perspektif Sejarah Pemikiran Ali Abdul Raziq. JUSPI: Jurnal Sejarah Peradaban Islam, 2(1), 124–137.
Sulayman, A. H. A. (1993). Crisis in the Muslim Mind. Virginia: The International Institute of Islamic Thought.
Sykiainen, L. (2017). The Islamic Concept of The Caliphate: Basic Principles and A Contemporary Intepretation. Islamology, 7(1), 62–70.
Thomas, J. (2014). The Islamic State's Rivals in Syria Reject Announced Caliphate. Retrieved December 15, 2020, from http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2014/07/the_islamic_states_r.php
Tomi Setiawan, A. R. (2019). Negara Modern dan Utopia Khilafah(?). Jurnal Kajian Peradaban Islam, 2(2), 6–19.
Voll, J. O. (2007). Islam and Democracy: Is Modernization a Barrier? Religion Compass, 1, 170–178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8171.2006.00017.x
Wahid, A. (2011). Islamku, Islam Anda, Islam Kita : Agama Masyarakat Negara Demokrasi, Digital Edition. Jakarta: Democracy Project.
Al-Qaradawy, Y. (2015). Fiqh Daulah dalam Perspektif Islam. Selangor Darul Ehsan: Syabab Publishing.
Ali, M. M. (2007). Liberal Islam: An Analysis. American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, 24(2), 44–70.
Amsori, E. (2019). Khilafah Islamiah in International Islamic Political Perspective. Jakarta.
Appleby, R. S., Omer, A., & Little, D. (Eds.). (2013). The Oxford Handbook of Religion, Conflict and Peacebuilding (pp. 386–388). New York: Oxford University Press.
Ar-Rayis, M. D. (2002). Islam dan Khilafah di Zaman Modern. Jakarta: Lentera.
Az-Zuhaili, W. (2011). Fiqih Islam Wa Adillatuhu: Jilid 8. Darul Fikir.
Baswedan, A. R. (2004). Political Islam in Indonesia: Present and Future Trajectory. Asian Survey, 44(5), 669–690.
Bryman, A. (2012). Social Research Methods. Oxford University Press (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dardiri, A. H. (2017). Konsepsi Pembagian Kekuasaan Negara Islam Khilafah Menurut Hizbut Tahrir dan Kemungkinan Implementasinya di Indonesia. Millah, 15(2), 272–304.
Esposito, J. L., & John O. Voll. (2001). Makers of Contemporary Islam. London: Oxford University Press.
Fox, J., & Sandlers, S. (2004). Bringing Religion into International Relations. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Habieb, S. A. (2006). Persepakatan Ulama dalam Hukum Islam: Ensiklopedia Ijmak. Jakarta: Pustaka Firdaus.
Hosen, N. (2018). Islam Yes Khilafah No. Yogyakarta: Suka Press.
Hurd, E. S. (2007). Political Islam and foreign policy in Europe and the United States. Foreign Policy Analysis. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-8594.2007.00054.x
Hurd, E. S. (2008). The politics of Secularization in International Relations. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Ismail, Mahyudin Ritonga, Irfan Ahmad, Slamet Fardyanto, M. I. (2020). Demystifying Khilafah Government and Democracy. Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 22(11), 233–246.
Moten, A. R. (1996). Political Science: An Islamic Perspective. London: Macmillan Press LTD.
Muhtadi, B. (2009). The quest for hizbut tahrir in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Social Science, 37(4), 623–645. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853109X460219
Muslimmedianews. (2014). Pandangan KH. Hasyim Muzadi terhadap Gerakan Khilafah. Retrieved December 15, 2015, from http://www.muslimedianews.com/2014/03/pandangan-kh-hasyim-muzadi-terhadap.html.
Ningsih, Mohammad Zainal Hamdy, W. P. (2020). Telaah Kembali Pemahaan Sistem Ketata Negaraan dalam Islam (Khilafah): Kajian Historis dan Ideologis terhadap Gerakan HTI di Indonesia. SYAIKHUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pranata Islam STAI Syichona Moh. Cholil Bangkalan, 11(2), 158–172.
NU Online. (2007). PBNU: Konsep Khilafah Islamiyah Tidak Pernah Jelas. Retrieved December 15, 2015, from http://www.nu.or.id/a,public-m,dinamic-s,detail-ids,1-id,9731-lang,id-c,warta-t,PBNU++Konsep+Khilafah+Islamiyah+Tidak+Pernah+Jelas-.phpx
Rais, D. M. D. (2001). Teori Politik Islam. Jakarta: Gema Insani Press.
Republika. (2015). NU Tolak Wacana Khilafah Islamiah di Indonesia. Retrieved December 15, 2020, from https://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/umum/15/05/25/nowfcm-nu-tolak-wacana-khilafah-islamiah-di-indonesia
Said, E. (1978). Orientalism. London: Penguin Books.
Salla, M. E. (1997). Political Islam and the West: A new cold war or convergence? Third World Quarterly, 18(4), 729–742. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436599714731
Sandal, N. A., & James, P. (2011). Religion and international relations theory: Towards a mutual understanding. European Journal of International Relations, 17(1), 3–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066110364304
Siregar, S. (2018). Khilafah Islam dalam Perspektif Sejarah Pemikiran Ali Abdul Raziq. JUSPI: Jurnal Sejarah Peradaban Islam, 2(1), 124–137.
Sulayman, A. H. A. (1993). Crisis in the Muslim Mind. Virginia: The International Institute of Islamic Thought.
Sykiainen, L. (2017). The Islamic Concept of The Caliphate: Basic Principles and A Contemporary Intepretation. Islamology, 7(1), 62–70.
Thomas, J. (2014). The Islamic State's Rivals in Syria Reject Announced Caliphate. Retrieved December 15, 2020, from http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2014/07/the_islamic_states_r.php
Tomi Setiawan, A. R. (2019). Negara Modern dan Utopia Khilafah(?). Jurnal Kajian Peradaban Islam, 2(2), 6–19.
Voll, J. O. (2007). Islam and Democracy: Is Modernization a Barrier? Religion Compass, 1, 170–178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8171.2006.00017.x
Wahid, A. (2011). Islamku, Islam Anda, Islam Kita : Agama Masyarakat Negara Demokrasi, Digital Edition. Jakarta: Democracy Project.
Published
2021-06-24
How to Cite
Aswar, H. (2021). Secular Perspective on The Islamic Political Discourses in Indonesia: A Critical Analysis. Jurnal Kajian Peradaban Islam, 4(2), 35-41. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47076/jkpis.v4i2.64
Section
Islamic Politics, Law, and Governance
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright
- The Author and each co-authors transfer the copyright and grant the journal right of publication with the work simultaneously licensed under an International Creative Commons Attribution and ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors should sign copyright transfer agreement when they have approved the final proofs sent by ISLAMIC RESEARCH prior the publication.
Author Guarantee
- The Author (Co-authors) guarantees that the Materials are an original work, submitted only to ISLAMIC RESEARCH, and have not been published previously.
- In case the Materials were written jointly with Co-authors, the Author guarantees that he/she has informed them of the terms of this Agreement and obtained their signatures or written permission to singe on their behalf.
- The Author guarantees as well that:
- The Materials do not contain libelous statements.
- The Materials do not infringe on other persons' rights (including without limitation copyrights, patent rights and the trademark right).
- The Materials do not contain facts or instructions that can cause damage or injury to third parties and their publication dose not cause the disclosure of any secret or confidential information
ISLAMIC RESEARCH is Published by Perhimpunan Intelektual Muslim Indonesia, and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright ©2022.
